Quotes on the Cambrian Explosion come from (link).
Environments and fossilization
"Without further explanation one might get the idea that fossils will occur wherever sedimentary rocks have been formed. This is clearly not the case. Relative to the abundance of sedimentary rocks on Earth, those that contain plant fossils are very rare indeed. This implies that plant fossils are formed under very special environmental conditions. It is not sufficient to have a body of water, a source of inorganic sediments, and plant or animal remains to make a fossil. We all know that when an organism dies under normal conditions in nature, that organism decays. This happens because of the activity of bacteria and fungi, especially those that are aerobic."
~ Paleobotany and the Evolution of Plants (Second Edition)
Wilson N. Stewart and Gar W. Rothwell
It has been widely theorized, that before the Cambrian Explosion, during the Precambrian or Vendian, organisms which lived during the period were primarily soft-bodied, therefore, even worse than modern plants which leave few fossils due to fragile structure, the likelihood of soft-bodied Precambrian plants leaving fossils is dramatically decreased. The Pre-Cambrian has yielded only scant fossils, but as scientists have observed with the Cambrian Explosion.... the abundance and diversity point to earlier origins. Soft-bodied organisms would have been ideally suited dwelling in a damp, dark, sunless world. For sake of posterity, many plant forms are non-photosynthetic or derive nutrition through alternate means aside from photosynthesis. For example, Protozoans who are cross between photosynthetic plant and animal, (i.e., Euglena and Volvox)
Methods of Deriving Nutrition and Reproduction
Protozoa obtain their food supply through three methods:
1. Holophytic protozoa obtain nutrients through photosynthesis.
2. Holozoic protozoa depend on plants and animals for food.
3. Saprophytic protozoa asorb organic matter through the cell wall.
One team of researchers discovered photosyntethic bacteria, in the deep Pacific around a hydrothermal vent. Such hot springs once covered the surface of the earth amidst shallow seas, and provided a plentiful source for photosynthesis that was necessary for the proliferation and survival of many species. But let's not forget plant varieties which, even to this day are non-photosynthetic... entire ecosystems could thrive, in the total absence of sunlight... and that does not exclude even shrub-like trees, that were soft-bodied in design, complete with "fruit" and seed within (i.e., the non-photosynthetic mistletoe, which comes complete with berries and seed).
However, as suggested, with the advent of the sun, organisms would have a need to develop (or "evolve") hard-body structures (that could withstand the sun's heat) with the Sun's generating mass-photosynthesis throughout the Earth. This would allow organisms to diversify in the kind of great abundance witnessed in the fossil record and is called the "Cambrian Explosion." Just as "let the waters bring forth.. creatures.. in great abundance," is stated in Genesis, Day #5, and as was observed in the "Cambrian Explosion" by Darwin and other influential figures in Paleontology.
Genesis "Day Four" marks the epoch when the Sun began active nuclear-fusion, and Day Five marks the Cambrian Explosion in the fossil record. The only direct evidence we have of the sun's history, would be in how it interacted with Earth. The fossil record provides the evidence. Such an explosion of diverse, hard-bodied organisms in the fossil record can only be explained by the introduction of widescale Photosynthesis... which only the sun could provide, a mere 500-600 million years ago. This certainly is not the first time such a theory has been proposed, for example the KT Boundary (65 Million years ago), lead to the extinction of dinosaurs when a meteor is believed to have crashed into Earth's surface. It is suggested the fallout lead to a blackening of the skies, blocking the sun's light which lead to an extinction of a vast number of life-forms on the planet. Also, the Earth lay dormant for 3.5 billion years without any apparent major evolutionary advances, which can easily be explained with the absence of sunlight. This tremendous gap in the fossil record, remains too vast for most seasoned Evolutionists to simply ignore.
Genesis 1:14 And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years:
Genesis 1:15 And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so.
Genesis 1:16 And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.
Genesis 1:17 And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth,
Genesis 1:18 And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good.
How odd indeed. I've already covered the explanation for this weird looking picture: Here, you've got to love that glass sponge. AND to argue, that "it could not exist" strange plant-like organisms during the precambrian... well that logic doesn't hold water with science. Scientists admit there were organisms, but they left no fossils. We do know organisms can photosynthesize around hydrothermal vents; black smokers, hot springs. Stromatolites were "photosynthesizing" as far back as 3.5 billion years ago when the earth was still a cauldron of smoke and volcanic activity (which would have blocked out the sun, if it were nuclear-fusion-active, anyway.)
That's right folks, at that point in the earth's history, its highly unlikely that sunlight would've made it through Earth's non-existant atmosphere, for the thick black clouds (as in, what made the dinosaurs go extinct -- lack of sunlight leads to extinction of plants -- which started a domino effect that lead to mass extinction) -- meteor activity and volcanic activity was billowing forth at that time in natural history and -- with all those thick black clouds and steam... well, somehow, still, stromatolites existed.
And what were they photosynthesizing from? Hydrothermal vents, just as they did 2 billion years ago. But for any atheist who might presume, "An organism like that couldn't exist because it's not been discovered" -- Atheist logic is flawed by that same line of reasoning. God supposedly doesn't exist because they've not found "empirical evidence," which I've covered here (and backfire it does!) It is a fact: Just because species did not leave fossils, does not mean the species never existed. Good scientists tell us so.
Genesis 1:19 And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.
Some may argue the Sun was there 3.5 billion years providing light for photosynthesis (i.e., Stromatolites where cyanobacteria left traces on rocks).... no no... discovery by researchers shows that bacteria was photosynthesizing in Deep Sea Pacific Ocean Hydrothermal Vent (circa 2006)... so that explains Stromatolites... early bacteria getting their light energy straight from the light of the earth, for 3.5 billion years... huge huge gap. And bacteria... that's _all_ there was for about 3.5 billion years... minus some soft bodied organisms late in the Vendian... (soft body plans require a constant water supply for moisture, or a dark environment... take your pick).
The Earth is not Young, but the Sun is... a wee 500 million years old.
Science Fact: "The Sun and all the planets were formed at around the same time, depending on when you define the birth of the sun. Before the Sun became as it is today it was a proto sun, which had all the elements it has now but it just had not started the nuclear reaction which fuels today's sun. As the sun started to form from the debris of the dust/particle cloud so did all the planets."
From : What is the age of the sun (the sun of our solar system) and the age of earth?
Not Mere Mythology
Another couple of observations of tremendous significance, on the text of Genesis...
1. If it were Babylonian mythology, as some Agnostics and Atheists propose, why are these two celestial bodies (the sun and moon) portrayed as mere "sources for light" instead of "gods" -- Babylonian and Egyptian mythology would have assumed the sun and moon and stars to be "gods". But instead, the text clearly states God formed them for "lights".
2. Light... all that I have stated involved the necessity to provide light, as a source for photosynthesis, to bring about the mass-proliferation of creatures (as seen in the Cambrian Explosion) as stated in Day #5... "let the waters bring forth... creatures... abundantly..."
The term, "lights" are used in Genesis, not the celestial orb themself, but "light." Light is specifically required in Photosynthesis to give plants energy and it states that much too, the purpose was "...to give light upon the earth..." This is significant because plants depend on light, and plants are necessary to feed living creatures.
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